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Security at the industrial level is always being watched and constantly reviewed. Whether due to the possibility of a serious accident in the environment, a fatal accident or an accident at work for the company in which said equipment and industrial mechanisms are located. That is why security is a fundamental part in these places. In this case we are talking about a different type of safety, shut-off valves are a safety class to be taken into account at all times. Above all, in heavy industries, which handle or move certain types of materials, minerals or substances that can be of great vitality to be human. From there it starts towards import or export.

What is a shutoff valve

Before delving into everything related to valves and their types, it is necessary to name what a shut-off valve is. Why these types of tools are used, their function and much more. That is, make the basic terms of the topic clear in case you do not immediately identify it. Shut-off valves were and continue to be developed as a safety tool for certain types of materials, minerals, chemical elements and substances. What happens specifically with this kind of valve is that when it feels extremely high pressure, it opens. On the other hand, when the conduction pipe is not stagnant, the shut-off valve will do its job of closing to prevent the passage of said material. Shut-off valves have been used for a long time and their safety type has gone from low to high. In other words, their protection and function have been successful, this is one of the reasons why they continue to be manipulated today. Having many types of valves within reach, but more importantly, different types of shut-off valves. These types of valves can also be called cut-off, isolation or interruption valves. There are different variants of this class, such as a rotary or linear blocking valve; among some of its types we can see the butterfly, gate, balloon, male, all this will be mentioned later. Let's start by mentioning some of the shutoff valves, not specifically their types, such as directions, concepts, and much more. In this case we are talking specifically about some kinds of shut-off valves, we will start with gate valves, plug valves, followed by globe valves. So manage to name some without neglecting the types that we will explain later.

Gate valve

We can see this type of valve being used mostly in a type of general service. It is a kind of valve that is suitable for many types of safety and materials. Such as gas, air, oil or petroleum, it is also used to block corrosive liquids, steam and other thick liquids. Gate valves are usually made of various components. However, its body contains various materials such as monel, cast and stainless steel, PVC-type plastic, common cast iron, and bronze. The advantages that we can notice both in the short and long term when using this type of valve is that it has a totally hermetic cut-off or blockage. Therefore, there will be no type of leak, its structure and design are simple but effective, they are economically accessible and have a very high capacity.

Plug valve

Most of the isolation valves have a similar use since, being part of the same type of purpose, they end up being useful and applied to retain semi-liquid pastes, corrosive materials, gas, steam and liquids. The materials with which male valves are usually made are common iron, ductile iron, nickel, carbon steel, stainless steel, plastic jacket, monel, among others. Like the gate valves, this one has a low price, totally hermetic closure, with a fast and quality function accompanied by a high retention capacity.

Globe valve

They are made with durable, resistant materials that make their quality better to fulfill their function. From stainless steel, wrought iron, both common and cast iron, combined with bronze, monel and plastics in the body to various components. The globe valve is used mostly for general services, steam, gas and common liquids, even corrosive. Among its advantages of being used in industries is the specialized control in the circulation, with availability in different holes, and in the most technical part is the operation of the disc which is short, so there is less wear and time.

Types of shutoff valves

Shut-off valves have several names, both switch, block, cut-off and insulator give a single meaning and it is safety, to prevent the passage of certain materials, liquids or substances. The movements carried out by an isolation valve can be several, from top to bottom, being a vertical movement for cutting; and from bottom to top to open the valve. Rotary block valves are a type of shut-off valves whose movement is based on rotations, used at an industrial level, the most common are:

  • Butterfly valve.
  • Ball valve.
  • Male valve.

Linear block valves Their movements are linear and more unilateral, they are also the easiest to obtain both because they are used frequently and because of their price.

  • Diaphragm valve
  • Gate valve
  • Guillotine valve
  • Globe valve

Finally, we have the manual and actuated closing valves, which in this case we are talking about the mechanism of how they are activated, there are the automatic actuated valves, those actuated with auxiliary energy and the manual ones. The manually operated block valve is old and they were the first to be used, therefore, a specific person must operate them. On the other hand, self-actuated shut-off valves are movements carried out by the same mechanism, they are used in hermetic places with little accessibility. Finally, we have the cut-off valve actuated through auxiliary energy. In order to have activity and movement, it must have an external energy source. This type of energy can be hydraulic, hydropneumatic, pneumatic or electric.

Function of shut-off valves

The function of shut-off valves is about moderating the flow or passage of liquids, vapours, gases or in other cases different substances/materials which are passed through a tube conduit. Regulation is made possible by closing and opening the valve. And it is that this mechanism is made to contain certain types of substances safely without any kind of leak, so that the material or liquid is preserved.

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